CDL Practice Tests: Flatbed Cargo Securement
Choose A Section:
Go!A chock is defined as:
- A crosswise load bearing structural component, particularly a part of a log bunk.
- A short piece of material, usually wood, nailed to the deck to reinforce blocking.
- A tapered or wedge-shaped piece used to secure round articles against rolling.
- A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
Chock:
A tapered or wedge-shaped piece used to secure round articles against rolling.
What types of freight need to be secured properly?
- Hazardous materials.
- All freight should always be properly secured while driving.
- Intermodal containers.
- Equipment used for vehicle operation.
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Any cargo and dangerous goods/hazardous materials, including:
- All general freight.
- All equipment carried for vehicle operation.
- Intermodal containers and their contents.
- Some specific commodities have additional or different securement requirements (see later sections of this Handbook).
- Additional requirements under separate regulations may also apply for transportation of certain types of dangerous goods or hazardous materials.
Cargo
If loading and securing paper rolls on a second layer:
- Make sure heavier rolls are on top.
- Be sure the bottom layer extends to the front of the vehicle.
- Lay the second layer horizontally.
- Stack the second layer at the back.
Stacked Loads
- Load paper rolls on a second layer only if the bottom layer extends to the front of the vehicle.
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Prevent forward, rearward, or side-to-side movement:
- Either by the same means required for the bottom layer
- Or by the use of a blocking roll from a lower layer.
- A roll in the rearmost row of any layer must not be raised using dunnage.
What is the minimum WLL required of tiedowns securing loaded intermodal containers on non-chassis vehicles?
- It depends on the length of the container.
- 20% of the loaded weight of the container.
- 50% of the loaded weight of the container.
- 80% of the loaded weight of the container.
Secure each container to the vehicle by:
- Either chains, wire ropes, or integral devices that are fixed to all lower corners.
- Or crossed chains that are fixed to all upper corners.
- Or both.
Secure the front and rear of the loaded container independently.
Secure the four corners using tiedowns that are attached to the loaded container.
The tiedowns must have an aggregate working load limit of at least 50% of the loaded weight of the loaded container.
Attach each chain, wire rope, or integral locking device to the container in a manner that prevents it from becoming unfastened while in transit.
When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the front half of the load run?
- Forward
- Rearward
- Straight up and down
- It doesn't matter
Requirements for securing the pipe
Secure each pipe with tiedowns through the pipe.
Run at least one tiedown through each pipe in the front half of the load. This includes the middle one if there are an odd number. The tiedown must run rearward at an angle not more than 45° with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, whenever practicable.
Run at least one tiedown through each pipe in the rear half of the load. The tiedown must run forward at an angle not more than 45° with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, whenever practicable. This holds each pipe firmly in contact with adjacent pipe.
What is the minimum requirement for securing roll-off and hook containers?
- All of these are acceptable.
- One tiedown attached to both the vehicle chassis and the container chassis.
- Two hooks, or an equivalent mechanism, securing both sides of the container to the vehicle chassis.
- Two tiedowns installed lengthwise, each securing one side of the container to one of the vehicle's side rails.
Secure to the rear of the vehicle with at least one of the following three mechanisms:
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Rear Mechanism 1:
One tiedown attached to both the vehicle chassis and the container chassis.
-
Rear Mechanism 2:
Two tiedowns installed lengthwise, each securing one side of the container to one of the vehicle's side rails.
-
Rear Mechanism 3:
Two hooks, or an equivalent mechanism, securing both sides of the container to the vehicle chassis at least as effectively as the tiedowns in the two previous items.
When using tiedowns to secure boulders, all of the following are requirements except:
- Boulders must be loaded as far back towards the rear as possible.
- Tiedowns should be located in valleys or notches across the top of the boulder.
- Tiedowns must be arranged to prevent sliding across the rock surface.
- Use only chain to secure large boulders.
Requirements
Use only chain to secure large boulders.
Tiedowns in direct contact with the boulder:
Should be located in valleys or notches across the top of the boulder
Must be arranged to prevent sliding across the rock surface.
All of the following are requirements for transporting coils with eyes crosswise except:
- These are all requirements
- Attach one tiedown forward
- Prevent the coil from rolling
- Attach one tiedown rearward
There are three requirements for coils transported with eyes crosswise:
Prevent the coil from rolling
Attach one tiedown forward.
Attach one tiedown rearward.
All of these are requirements for securing longwood lengthwise except:
- Each end of the log should extend at least 3 inches beyond the stakes.
- Secure each log with at least two tiedowns if shorter logs are carried on top of the stack.
- Each outside log should bear against at least two stakes, one near each end of the log.
- Must be cradled in two or more bunks or contained by stakes.
Requirements for securing longwood loaded lengthwise
- Longwood must be cradled in two or more bunks or contained by stakes.
- Each outside log should bear against at least two stakes, one near each end of the log.
- Each end of the log should extend at least 0.15 m (6 in) beyond the stakes.
- If shorter logs are carried on top of the stack, secure each log with at least two tiedowns.
An intermodal container is:
- A platform or tray on which cargo is placed so that it can be handled as an article. (Same as "Skid")
- A vehicle especially built and fitted with locking devices for transport.
- A reusable, transportable enclosure that is especially designed with integral locking devices that secure it to a container chassis trailer to facilitate the efficient and bulk shipping and transfer of goods by, or between various modes of transport, such as highway, rail, sea, and air.
- A specialized container, primarily used to contain and transport materials in the waste, recycling, construction/demolition, and scrap industries, which are used in conjunction with specialized vehicles, in which the container isloaded and unloaded onto a tilt frame body by an articulating hook-arm.
Intermodal Container:
A reusable, transportable enclosure that is especially designed with integral locking devices that secure it to a container chassis trailer to facilitate the efficient and bulk shipping and transfer of goods by, or between various modes of transport, such as highway, rail, sea, and air.
About The Flatbed Cargo Securement CDL Manual
Studying the flatbed cargo securement CDL manual is not a requirement for getting your CDL permit or license. It is required knowledge for flatbed drivers.
Some questions you should be able to answer for flatbed cargo securement:
- What is the minimum Working Load Limit of a tiedown used to secure logs?
- What is the minimum weight of a shipment of paper rolls that would require specific securement requirements?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the front half of the load run?
- What is a cab shield?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the rear half of the load run?
- What is a dunnage bag?
- Who is responsible for inspecting securing devices and cargo within the first 50 miles?
- How many tiedowns are required on a stack of shortwood loaded crosswise?
- What is the minimum working load limit of each tiedown used to secure crushed or flattened vehicles?
- Define 'bolster'
- What is a hook-lift container?
- When a tiedown is attached directly to the cargo, what is the ideal angle where it attached to the vehicle?
What is a securing device?
Any device specifically manufactured to attach or secure cargo to a vehicle or trailer:
- Synthetic Webbing
- Chain
- Wire rope
- Manila rope
- Synthetic rope
- Steel strapping
- Clamps and latches
- Blocking
- Front-end structure
- Grab hooks
- Binders
- Shackles
- Winches
- Stake pockets
- D-rings
- Webbing ratchet
- Bracing
- Friction mat
What is a tiedown?
A combination of securing devices that forms an assembly that:
- Attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on a vehicle.
- Is attached to anchor point(s).
Some tiedowns are attached to the cargo and provide direct resistance to restrain the cargo from movement.
Some tie-downs pass over or through the cargo. They create a downward force that increases the effect of friction between the cargo and the deck. This friction restrains the cargo.
Related Cargo Securement Terms That Every Driver Should Know:
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Tiedown:
A combination of securing devices which form an assembly that attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on, a vehicle or trailer, and is attached to anchor point(s).
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Contained:
Cargo is contained if it fills a sided vehicle, and every article is in contact with or sufficiently close to a wall or other articles so that it cannot shift or tip if those other articles are also unable to shift or tip.
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Blocking:
A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
How should tiedowns be attached?
Tiedowns can be used in two ways:
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Attached to the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle and attached to the cargo.
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, pass through or aroundan article of cargo, and then are attached to the vehicle again.
-
Pass over the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, passed over the cargo, and then attached to the vehicle again.
Tiedown placement:
Place the tiedown as close as possible to the spacer.
Position the tiedowns as symetrically as possible over the length of the article.
Position the tiedowns to preserve the integrity of the article.
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