- Should stand on the brake pedal with both feet
- Will quickly press and release the brake pedal
- Will keep his foot on the pedal and keep applying pressure
- Will swerve side-to-side
From The CDL Manual
For normal or emergency stopping using anti-lock brakes, the driver’s foot remains on the brake pedal in which the anti-lock module then acts as a foot pumping the air brake system. On the air-brake system the driver must pump or use stab braking in an emergency.
- Press the brake pedal as hard as they can
- Try to run into something soft
- Use stab or controlled braking methods
- Find an incline to help stop the vehicle
From The CDL Manual
5.4.3 – Emergency Stops
If somebody suddenly pulls out in front of you, your natural response is to hit the brakes. This is a good response if there is enough distance to stop and you use the brakes correctly.
You should brake in a way that will keep your vehicle in a straight line and allow you to turn if it becomes necessary. You can use the "controlled braking" method or the "stab braking" method.
- Reaction distance
- Horizon distance
- Brake lag distance
- Perception distance
From The CDL Manual
Perception Distance + Reaction Distance + Brake Lag Distance + Effective Braking Distance = Total Stopping Distance
- 100 feet
- 450 yards
- 32 feet
- 450 feet
From The CDL Manual
The air brake lag distance at 55 mph on dry pavement adds about 32 feet. Therefore, for an average driver traveling 55 mph under good traction and brake conditions, the total stopping distance is more than 300 feet. This is longer than a football field.
- 32 feet
- 55 feet
- 300 feet
- 100 feet
From The CDL Manual
The air brake lag distance at 55 mph on dry pavement adds about 32 feet. Therefore, for an average driver traveling 55 mph under good traction and brake conditions, the total stopping distance is more than 300 feet. This is longer than a football field.
- Reaction distance
- Air temperature
- Slope distance
- Sight distance
From The CDL Manual
Perception Distance + Reaction Distance + Brake Lag Distance + Effective Braking Distance = Total Stopping Distance
- Air temperature
- Manufacturer's defect
- Excessive heat due to excessive use of the brakes
- Faulty emergency brake
From The CDL Manual
However, brakes can fade or fail from excessive heat caused by using them too much and not relying on the engine braking effect.
- Moisture
- Cold
- Speed
- Heat
From The CDL Manual
Braking creates heat, but brakes are designed to take a lot of heat. However, brakes can fade or fail from excessive heat caused by using them too much and not relying on the engine braking effect.
- Incompetent mechanics
- Excessive cold
- Out-of-adjustment brakes
- Steep uphill inclines
From The CDL Manual
Brake fade also is affected by adjustment. To safely control a vehicle, every brake must do its share of the work. Brakes out of adjustment will stop doing their share before those that are in adjustment.
- Braking distance
- Brake fade
- Cut-out
- Heat fade
From The CDL Manual
Brake Fading or Failure —
Brakes are designed so brake shoes or pads rub against the brake drum or discs to slow the vehicle. Braking creates heat, but brakes are designed to take a lot of heat. However, brakes can fade or fail from excessive heat caused by using them too much and not relying on the engine braking effect.