CDL Practice Tests: Flatbed Cargo Securement
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Go!Cargo securement for a load weighing 37,000 lbs must be able to withstand a minimum forward braking force of:
- 29,600 lbs
- 7,400 lbs
- 18,500 lbs
- 10,000 lbs
How well must the securement system work? (Section 1.3)
Each cargo securement system must be able to withstand a minimum amount of force in each direction.
- Forward Force = 80% of cargo weight when braking while driving straight ahead.
- Rearward Force = 50% of cargo weight when accelerating, shifting gears while climbing a hill, or braking in reverse.
- Sideways Force = 50% of cargo weight when turning, changing lanes, or braking while turning.
-
Upward Force = 20% of cargo weight when traveling over bumps in the road or cresting a hill.
- This requirement is satisfied when the cargo is "Fully Contained."
How many anchor points should be used to secure an intermodal container on a chassis vehicle?
- 4 latches total, anywhere on the trailer.
- 2 latches in the front and 2 in the middle.
- 2 latches in the middle, and 2 at the rear.
- 2 latches each at or near both the front and rear.
Secure the front and rear of the container independently.
- 2 latches on the chassis engage anchor points towards or at the front of the container.
- 2 latches on the chassis engage anchor points towards or at the rear of the container.
What is bell pipe concrete?
- Pipe whose flanged end is of larger diameter than its barrel.
- Concrete used to make bell pipe.
- Pipe used to make concrete bells.
- Pipe whose flanged end is of smaller diameter than its barrel.
Bell Pipe Concrete:
Pipe whose flanged end is of larger diameter than its barrel.
When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the rear half of the load run?
- Straight up and down.
- It doesn't matter.
- Rearward
- Forward
Requirements for securing the pipe
Secure each pipe with tiedowns through the pipe.
Run at least one tiedown through each pipe in the front half of the load. This includes the middle one if there are an odd number. The tiedown must run rearward at an angle not more than 45° with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, whenever practicable.
Run at least one tiedown through each pipe in the rear half of the load. The tiedown must run forward at an angle not more than 45° with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, whenever practicable. This holds each pipe firmly in contact with adjacent pipe.
Working Load Limit (WLL)is defined as:
- The number of hours that a tiedown can be used.
- The acceleration due to gravity, 9.823 m/sec2 (32.2 ft/sec2).
- The maximum load that may be applied to a component of a cargo securement system during normal service, usually assigned by the manufacturer of the component.
- The summation of the working load limits or restraining capacity of all devices used to secure an article on a vehicle.
Working Load Limit (WLL):
The maximum load that may be applied to a component of a cargo securement system during normal service, usually assigned by the manufacturer of the component.
Specific securement methods are required for boulders that:
- Weigh more than 5,000 lbs, or have a volume of more than 1.25 cubic meters.
- Weigh more than 11,000 lbs, or have a volume of more than 2 cubic meters.
- Weigh more than 5,000 lbs, or have a volume of more than 4 cubic meters.
- Have more than five distinct sides.
The requirements in this section apply to any piece of natural, irregularly shaped rock that:
Weighs more than 5,000 kg (11,000 lb.) or has a volume greater than two cubic meters
Is transported on an open vehicle or in a vehicle whose sides are not designed and rated for the transportation of boulders.
When securing metal coils with eyes vertical, the angle between tiedown and deck, if possible, should be:
- 60 degrees
- Less than 45 degrees
- 180 degrees
- Between 60 and 90 degrees
- Attach at least one tiedown against front of row of coils to restrain against forward motion. If possible, angle between tiedown and deck should be less than 45, when viewed from the side of the vehicle.
- Attach at least one tiedown against rear of row of coils to restrain against rearward motion. If possible, angle between tiedown and deck should be less than 45, when viewed from the side of the vehicle.
- Attach at least one tiedown over top of each coil or side-by-side row of coils to restrain against vertical motion. Tiedowns going over top of coil(s) must be as close as possible to eye of coil.
- Arrange tiedowns, blocking, or bracing to prevent shifting or tipping in all directions.
A sided vehicle containing cargo weighing 35,980 lbs must be able to withstand a rearward force of at least:
- 17,990 lbs
- 10,000 lbs
- 36,000 lbs
- 28,784 lbs
Note: If the cargo is contained in a sided vehicle, the vehicle structure MUST be strong enough to withstand the forces described earlier.
- Forward force: 0.8 g (80%)
- Rearward force: 0.5.g (50%)
- Sideways force: 0.5 g (50%)
When securing paper rolls with eyes horizontal, which of the following should be used to secure the rear-most roll?
- Wedges or chocks secured by some means in addition to friction.
- Secure roll against rear doors.
- Secure blocking against rear doors.
- All of these are acceptable
Note: Chocks, Wedges, or Blocking Securing the Front or Rear Roll - Hold in place by some means in addition to friction so they cannot become unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in transit. This is often accomplished with nails.
Requirements for eyes crosswise: secure rearmost roll
Do not secure the rearmost roll with:
- Either the rear doors of the vehicle or intermodal container
- Or blocking held in place by those doors.
Who is responsible for inspecting securing devices and cargo within the first 50 miles?
- The shipper.
- The driver.
- The D.O.T.
- Your Moms.
Inspect Cargo and Securing devices:
- Pre-Trip: Yes
- Within first 50 mi: Yes
- When duty status of driver changes: Yes
- At 3 hour intervals or every 150 mi, whichever is first: Yes
About The Flatbed Cargo Securement CDL Manual
Studying the flatbed cargo securement CDL manual is not a requirement for getting your CDL permit or license. It is required knowledge for flatbed drivers.
Some questions you should be able to answer for flatbed cargo securement:
- What is the minimum Working Load Limit of a tiedown used to secure logs?
- What is the minimum weight of a shipment of paper rolls that would require specific securement requirements?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the front half of the load run?
- What is a cab shield?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the rear half of the load run?
- What is a dunnage bag?
- Who is responsible for inspecting securing devices and cargo within the first 50 miles?
- How many tiedowns are required on a stack of shortwood loaded crosswise?
- What is the minimum working load limit of each tiedown used to secure crushed or flattened vehicles?
- Define 'bolster'
- What is a hook-lift container?
- When a tiedown is attached directly to the cargo, what is the ideal angle where it attached to the vehicle?
What is a securing device?
Any device specifically manufactured to attach or secure cargo to a vehicle or trailer:
- Synthetic Webbing
- Chain
- Wire rope
- Manila rope
- Synthetic rope
- Steel strapping
- Clamps and latches
- Blocking
- Front-end structure
- Grab hooks
- Binders
- Shackles
- Winches
- Stake pockets
- D-rings
- Webbing ratchet
- Bracing
- Friction mat
What is a tiedown?
A combination of securing devices that forms an assembly that:
- Attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on a vehicle.
- Is attached to anchor point(s).
Some tiedowns are attached to the cargo and provide direct resistance to restrain the cargo from movement.
Some tie-downs pass over or through the cargo. They create a downward force that increases the effect of friction between the cargo and the deck. This friction restrains the cargo.
Related Cargo Securement Terms That Every Driver Should Know:
-
Tiedown:
A combination of securing devices which form an assembly that attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on, a vehicle or trailer, and is attached to anchor point(s).
-
Contained:
Cargo is contained if it fills a sided vehicle, and every article is in contact with or sufficiently close to a wall or other articles so that it cannot shift or tip if those other articles are also unable to shift or tip.
-
Blocking:
A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
How should tiedowns be attached?
Tiedowns can be used in two ways:
-
Attached to the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle and attached to the cargo.
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, pass through or aroundan article of cargo, and then are attached to the vehicle again.
-
Pass over the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, passed over the cargo, and then attached to the vehicle again.
Tiedown placement:
Place the tiedown as close as possible to the spacer.
Position the tiedowns as symetrically as possible over the length of the article.
Position the tiedowns to preserve the integrity of the article.
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