CDL Practice Tests: Flatbed Cargo Securement
Choose A Section:
Go!When securing concrete pipe with a diameter of more than 45 inches loaded crosswise, how many tiedowns are required through each pipe at minimum?
- 1
- It depends on the weight of the pipe.
- 3
- 2
Requirements for securing the pipe
Secure each pipe with tiedowns through the pipe.
Run at least one tiedown through each pipe in the front half of the load. This includes the middle one if there are an odd number. The tiedown must run rearward at an angle not more than 45° with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, whenever practicable.
Run at least one tiedown through each pipe in the rear half of the load. The tiedown must run forward at an angle not more than 45° with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, whenever practicable. This holds each pipe firmly in contact with adjacent pipe.
To secure paper rolls with eyes horizontal against rearward movement, you can use which of the following except:
- Other cargo.
- The vehicle wall.
- Blocking.
- Friction mats.
Direction of Potential Movement: Rearward
Methods to Prevent Movement:
- Other cargo
- Blocking
- Fiction mats
- Tiedowns
Specific securement methods are required for boulders that:
- Have more than five distinct sides.
- Weigh more than 5,000 lbs, or have a volume of more than 1.25 cubic meters.
- Weigh more than 5,000 lbs, or have a volume of more than 4 cubic meters.
- Weigh more than 11,000 lbs, or have a volume of more than 2 cubic meters.
The requirements in this section apply to any piece of natural, irregularly shaped rock that:
Weighs more than 5,000 kg (11,000 lb.) or has a volume greater than two cubic meters
Is transported on an open vehicle or in a vehicle whose sides are not designed and rated for the transportation of boulders.
The definition for "shortwood" identifies pieces that are no longer than:
- 16 ft
- 75 in
- Half the length of the trailer.
- The width of the road.
Shortwood
- Normally up to about 2.5 m (100 in) in length.
- No longer than 4.9 m (16 ft) in length.
-
Also called:
- Cut-up logs
- Cut-to-length logs
- Bolts
- Pulpwood
Which of the following is not a requirement for shortwood loaded lengthwise?
- Heavier logs must be stacked on top.
- Logs should be centered in the bunk.
- Must be cradled in a bunk or contained by stakes.
- Each outside log bearing against stakes should extend at least 6 in beyond the stakes at each end.
Requirements for shortwood loaded lengthwise
- Shortwood must be cradled in a bunk or contained by stakes.
- Logs should be centered in the bunk.
- Each outside log bearing against stakes should extend at least 0.15 m (6 in) beyond the stakes at each end.
A stack of shortwood loaded lengthwise can be secured with one tiedown if:
- All of these apply.
- They are blocked in the back by the vehicle's end structure or another stack of logs.
- All logs in the stack are less than 10 ft long.
- They are blocked in the front by a headboard or another stack of logs.
One tiedown
A stack can be secured with one tiedown if all logs in the stack less than 3.04 m (10 ft) are:
- Blocked in the front by a headboard strong enough to restrain the load or by another stack of logs.
- Blocked in the rear by the vehicle's end structure or another stack of logs.
The North American Cargo Securement Standard cover vehicles weighing:
- 26,001 lbs
- Over 10,000 lbs
- Over 4,500 lbs
- Less than 10,000 lbs
North American Cargo Securement Standard
What does the Standard cover? (Section 1.1)
- Commercial vehicles (including a combination of vehicles) that are operated on a highway and have a gross vehicle rating over 4,500 kg (10,000 lb.)
Vehicles
What is the minimum aggregate WLL for a group of concrete pipe weighing 16,000 lbs?
- 8,001 lbs
- 7,999 lbs
- 10,000 lbs
- 5,000 lbs
General tiedown requirements
The aggregate working load limit of all tiedowns on any group of pipe must be more than half the total weight of all pipes in the group.
The aggregate WLL for logs loaded lengthwise must be at least:
- 1/2 the weight of the load.
- 4,000 lbs
- 1/6 the weight of the stack.
- 1/2 the weight of the stack.
Working load limit for longwood and shortwood loaded lengthwise
The aggregate working load limit for all tiedowns must be no less than 1/6 the weight of the stack of logs.
Note: This requirement is much less than the general requirement of an aggregate working load limit equal to 1/2 the weight of the load. This lowered requirement recognizes that the bunks/stakes help to prevent slippage.
When securing a paper roll with a width that is more than twice its diameter, which of the following is not an acceptable method of securement to prevent tipping?
- Use tiedowns.
- Use rear doors to brace it.
- Brace it.
- Band the roll to other rolls.
Situation #1:
- Paper roll is not prevented from tipping by the vehicle structure or other cargo.
- Paper roll width is more than 2 times its diameter.
Solution #1:
- Either band the roll to other rolls.
- Or brace it.
- Or use tiedowns.
About The Flatbed Cargo Securement CDL Manual
Studying the flatbed cargo securement CDL manual is not a requirement for getting your CDL permit or license. It is required knowledge for flatbed drivers.
Some questions you should be able to answer for flatbed cargo securement:
- What is the minimum Working Load Limit of a tiedown used to secure logs?
- What is the minimum weight of a shipment of paper rolls that would require specific securement requirements?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the front half of the load run?
- What is a cab shield?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the rear half of the load run?
- What is a dunnage bag?
- Who is responsible for inspecting securing devices and cargo within the first 50 miles?
- How many tiedowns are required on a stack of shortwood loaded crosswise?
- What is the minimum working load limit of each tiedown used to secure crushed or flattened vehicles?
- Define 'bolster'
- What is a hook-lift container?
- When a tiedown is attached directly to the cargo, what is the ideal angle where it attached to the vehicle?
What is a securing device?
Any device specifically manufactured to attach or secure cargo to a vehicle or trailer:
- Synthetic Webbing
- Chain
- Wire rope
- Manila rope
- Synthetic rope
- Steel strapping
- Clamps and latches
- Blocking
- Front-end structure
- Grab hooks
- Binders
- Shackles
- Winches
- Stake pockets
- D-rings
- Webbing ratchet
- Bracing
- Friction mat
What is a tiedown?
A combination of securing devices that forms an assembly that:
- Attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on a vehicle.
- Is attached to anchor point(s).
Some tiedowns are attached to the cargo and provide direct resistance to restrain the cargo from movement.
Some tie-downs pass over or through the cargo. They create a downward force that increases the effect of friction between the cargo and the deck. This friction restrains the cargo.
Related Cargo Securement Terms That Every Driver Should Know:
-
Tiedown:
A combination of securing devices which form an assembly that attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on, a vehicle or trailer, and is attached to anchor point(s).
-
Contained:
Cargo is contained if it fills a sided vehicle, and every article is in contact with or sufficiently close to a wall or other articles so that it cannot shift or tip if those other articles are also unable to shift or tip.
-
Blocking:
A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
How should tiedowns be attached?
Tiedowns can be used in two ways:
-
Attached to the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle and attached to the cargo.
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, pass through or aroundan article of cargo, and then are attached to the vehicle again.
-
Pass over the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, passed over the cargo, and then attached to the vehicle again.
Tiedown placement:
Place the tiedown as close as possible to the spacer.
Position the tiedowns as symetrically as possible over the length of the article.
Position the tiedowns to preserve the integrity of the article.
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