CDL Practice Tests: Flatbed Cargo Securement
Choose A Section:
Go!In cargo securement, a wedge is defined as:
- A tapered piece of material, thick at one end and thin at the other, used to help keep cargo from moving.
- A short piece of material, usually wood, nailed to the deck to reinforce blocking.
- A rail along the side of a vehicle that protects the side of the vehicle from impacts.
- The depression formed between two cylindrical articles when they are laid with their eyes horizontal and parallel against each other.
Wedge:
A tapered piece of material, thick at one end and thin at the other, used to help keep cargo from moving.
How much force is the securement system required to withstand in terms of cargo weight?
- 50% forward, 20% rearward, 50% sideways, 20% upwards.
- 80% forward, 50% rearward, 80% sideways, 20% upwards.
- 80% forward, 50% rearward, 50% sideways, 20% upwards.
- 50% forward, 50% rearward, 50% sideways, 80% upwards.
How strong must the vehicle structure and anchor points be?
All elements of the vehicle structure and anchor points must be strong enough to withstand the forces described on page 7.
- Forward force: 0.8 g (80%)
- Rearward force: 0.5.g (50%)
- Sideways force: 0.5 g (50%)
- Upward force: 0.2 g (20%)
A sided vehicle containing cargo weighing 35,980 lbs must be able to withstand a rearward force of at least:
- 28,784 lbs
- 17,990 lbs
- 36,000 lbs
- 10,000 lbs
Note: If the cargo is contained in a sided vehicle, the vehicle structure MUST be strong enough to withstand the forces described earlier.
- Forward force: 0.8 g (80%)
- Rearward force: 0.5.g (50%)
- Sideways force: 0.5 g (50%)
In case of low friction between the cargo and deck, which of these is not a solution?
- Put something heavy on top of the cargo.
- Attach tiedowns to the cargo.
- Set the cargo on friction mats.
- Use some kind of blocking.
What should you use in low-friction situations?
When there is low friction between the cargo and the deck (for example, with snow, ice, sand, gravel, and oil):
- Use tiedowns attached to the cargo.
- Use a means to improve the friction such as friction mats or tiedown that pass over the cargo.
- Use blocking and tiedowns.
In what circumstance can shortwood be treated as longwood?
- When it is embedded in a stack of longwood.
- When it is painted green on the ends.
- When it is stacked long-ways on the trailer.
- Right after it is cut down.
What's in a stack?
Some stacks may be made up of both shortwood and longwood. Any stack that includes shortwood must follow the shortwood securement requirements.
Exception: If shortwood is embedded in load of longwood, it can be treated as longwood.
When securing paper rolls with eyes vertical in a sided vehicle all of the following are acceptable except:
- Placing the rolls against each other.
- Placing the rolls against other cargo.
- Placing rolls against the front and walls of the vehicle.
- Placing rolls against the doors.
- Place paper rolls together in a group so that the structure of the group can be maintained.
- Place paper rolls against:
- The front and walls of the vehicle
- Each other
- Other cargo
What is a rub rail?
- A strip of material that may be used to unitize articles and is tensioned and clamped or crimped back upon itself. (same as "Strapping")
- A device placed between the deck of a vehicle and car or between articles of cargo, intended to provide greater friction than exists naturally between these surfaces.
- A rail along the side of a vehicle that protects the side of the vehicle from impacts.
- A platform or tray on which cargo is placed so that it can be handled as an article. (Same as "Skid")
Rub Rail:
A rail along the side of a vehicle that protects the side of the vehicle from impacts.
When securing paper rolls with eyes horizontal, which of the following should be used to secure the rear-most roll?
- Secure roll against rear doors.
- Secure blocking against rear doors.
- All of these are acceptable
- Wedges or chocks secured by some means in addition to friction.
Note: Chocks, Wedges, or Blocking Securing the Front or Rear Roll - Hold in place by some means in addition to friction so they cannot become unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in transit. This is often accomplished with nails.
Requirements for eyes crosswise: secure rearmost roll
Do not secure the rearmost roll with:
- Either the rear doors of the vehicle or intermodal container
- Or blocking held in place by those doors.
Which of the following is not true of Working Load Limit (WLL)?
- The Working Load Limit is the maximum load that may be applied to a component of a cargo securement system.
- The WLL is usually assigned by the component manufacturer.
- The minimum WLL requirement for the securement system is 25%.
- All of these are true.
The Working Load Limit is the maximum load that may be applied to a component of a cargo securement system during normal service.
The WLL is usually assigned by the component manufacturer.
Note: The minimum WLL requirement for the securement system is 50%. More tiedown capacity should be used if you need to secure an article against any movement.
When securing concrete pipe with a diameter up to 45 inches loaded crosswise as a group,lengthwise tiedowns should be either one 1/2 in chain or wire rope, or:
- Two nylon straps with aggregate WLL of 50% the weight of the load.
- One 3/8 inch chain or wire rope.
- Two 3/8 inch chains or wire ropes.
- Two 1/4 inch chains or wire ropes.
As a group
Place lengthwise tiedowns over the group of pipes:
Either one 13 mm (1/2 in) chain or wire rope,
Or two 10 mm (3/8 in) diameter chain or wire rope
About The Flatbed Cargo Securement CDL Manual
Studying the flatbed cargo securement CDL manual is not a requirement for getting your CDL permit or license. It is required knowledge for flatbed drivers.
Some questions you should be able to answer for flatbed cargo securement:
- What is the minimum Working Load Limit of a tiedown used to secure logs?
- What is the minimum weight of a shipment of paper rolls that would require specific securement requirements?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the front half of the load run?
- What is a cab shield?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the rear half of the load run?
- What is a dunnage bag?
- Who is responsible for inspecting securing devices and cargo within the first 50 miles?
- How many tiedowns are required on a stack of shortwood loaded crosswise?
- What is the minimum working load limit of each tiedown used to secure crushed or flattened vehicles?
- Define 'bolster'
- What is a hook-lift container?
- When a tiedown is attached directly to the cargo, what is the ideal angle where it attached to the vehicle?
What is a securing device?
Any device specifically manufactured to attach or secure cargo to a vehicle or trailer:
- Synthetic Webbing
- Chain
- Wire rope
- Manila rope
- Synthetic rope
- Steel strapping
- Clamps and latches
- Blocking
- Front-end structure
- Grab hooks
- Binders
- Shackles
- Winches
- Stake pockets
- D-rings
- Webbing ratchet
- Bracing
- Friction mat
What is a tiedown?
A combination of securing devices that forms an assembly that:
- Attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on a vehicle.
- Is attached to anchor point(s).
Some tiedowns are attached to the cargo and provide direct resistance to restrain the cargo from movement.
Some tie-downs pass over or through the cargo. They create a downward force that increases the effect of friction between the cargo and the deck. This friction restrains the cargo.
Related Cargo Securement Terms That Every Driver Should Know:
-
Tiedown:
A combination of securing devices which form an assembly that attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on, a vehicle or trailer, and is attached to anchor point(s).
-
Contained:
Cargo is contained if it fills a sided vehicle, and every article is in contact with or sufficiently close to a wall or other articles so that it cannot shift or tip if those other articles are also unable to shift or tip.
-
Blocking:
A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
How should tiedowns be attached?
Tiedowns can be used in two ways:
-
Attached to the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle and attached to the cargo.
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, pass through or aroundan article of cargo, and then are attached to the vehicle again.
-
Pass over the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, passed over the cargo, and then attached to the vehicle again.
Tiedown placement:
Place the tiedown as close as possible to the spacer.
Position the tiedowns as symetrically as possible over the length of the article.
Position the tiedowns to preserve the integrity of the article.
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