CDL Practice Tests: Flatbed Cargo Securement
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Go!When securing concrete pipe with a diameter up to 45 inches loaded crosswise as a group,lengthwise tiedowns should be either one 1/2 in chain or wire rope, or:
- Two nylon straps with aggregate WLL of 50% the weight of the load.
- Two 3/8 inch chains or wire ropes.
- Two 1/4 inch chains or wire ropes.
- One 3/8 inch chain or wire rope.
As a group
Place lengthwise tiedowns over the group of pipes:
Either one 13 mm (1/2 in) chain or wire rope,
Or two 10 mm (3/8 in) diameter chain or wire rope
Concrete pipe loaded crosswise generally:
- Note: At least one tiedown through the front pipe of the bottom tier must run rearward at an angle not more than 45 with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, when ever practical.
- At least one tiedown through the rear pipe of the bottom tier must run forward at an angle not more than 45 with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, when ever practical.
- Concrete pipe with an inside diameter up to 1.143 m (45 in) can form a complete single tier on a typical flatbed vehicle. Larger pipe often can only be carried as a partial tier.
- All of these things apply.
Special Circumstances: Securing Pipe with an Inside Diameter Up to 1.143 mm (45 in)
Concrete pipe with an inside diameter up to 1.143 m (45 in) can form a complete single tier on a typical flatbed vehicle. Larger pipe often can only be carried as a partial tier.
Note: This pipe diameter of 1.143 m (45 in) is simply a convenient breaking point between "medium" and "large" diameter pipe.
Note: At least one tiedown through the front pipe of the bottom tier must run rearward at an angle not more than 45 with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, when ever practical.
At least one tiedown through the rear pipe of the bottom tier must run forward at an angle not more than 45 with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, when ever practical.
The North American Cargo Securement Standard cover vehicles weighing:
- Over 4,500 lbs
- Over 10,000 lbs
- 26,001 lbs
- Less than 10,000 lbs
North American Cargo Securement Standard
What does the Standard cover? (Section 1.1)
- Commercial vehicles (including a combination of vehicles) that are operated on a highway and have a gross vehicle rating over 4,500 kg (10,000 lb.)
Vehicles
'Blocking' is defined as:
- A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
- A rail along the side of a vehicle that protects the side of the vehicle from impacts.
- A vertical barrier across the front of the deck of a vehicle to prevent forward movement of cargo.
- A tapered or wedge-shaped piece used to secure round articles against rolling.
Blocking:
A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
A bulkhead is defined as:
- A vertical barrier across a vehicle to prevent forward movement of cargo.
- A vertical barrier across the front of the deck of a vehicle to prevent forward movement of cargo.
- A vertical barrier placed directly behind the cab of a tractor to protect the cab in the event cargo should shift forward.
- A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
Bulkhead:
A vertical barrier across a vehicle to prevent forward movement of cargo.
The narrowest end of a boulder should be pointed:
- Towards the front of the vehicle.
- Towards the sky.
- It doesn't matter.
- Towards the rear of the vehicle.
If a boulder is tapered, point the narrowest end towards the front of the vehicle.
What is the minimum weight of a load of metal coils that requires specific securement practices?
- 50,000 lbs
- 5,000 lbs
- It depends on the size of the coils.
- 2,268 lbs
Size of coil
All metal coil shipments that, individually or together, weigh 2,268 kg (5,000 lb.) or more must be secured according to the specific requirements in this section.
Exception: Metal coils that weigh less than 2,268 kg (5,000 lb.) may be secured according to general securement requirements.
When securing concrete pipe with a diameter of more than 45 inches loaded crosswise, how many tiedowns are required through each pipe at minimum?
- 3
- 1
- It depends on the weight of the pipe.
- 2
Requirements for securing the pipe
Secure each pipe with tiedowns through the pipe.
Run at least one tiedown through each pipe in the front half of the load. This includes the middle one if there are an odd number. The tiedown must run rearward at an angle not more than 45° with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, whenever practicable.
Run at least one tiedown through each pipe in the rear half of the load. The tiedown must run forward at an angle not more than 45° with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, whenever practicable. This holds each pipe firmly in contact with adjacent pipe.
What is the minimum Working Load Limit for the entire securement system?
- 50% of cargo weight.
- 100% of cargo weight.
- 80% of cargo weight.
- 20% of cargo weight.
Note: The minimum WLL requirement for the securement system is 50%. More tiedown capacity should be used if you need to secure an article against any movement.
What is a headboard?
- A vertical barrier placed directly behind the cab of a tractor to protect the cab in the event cargo should shift forward.
- A vertical barrier across the front of the deck of a vehicle to prevent forward movement of cargo.
- A vertical barrier across a vehicle to prevent forward movement of cargo.
- A transverse load bearing structural component, particularly a part of a log bunk.
Headboard:
A vertical barrier across the front of the deck of a vehicle to prevent forward movement of cargo.
About The Flatbed Cargo Securement CDL Manual
Studying the flatbed cargo securement CDL manual is not a requirement for getting your CDL permit or license. It is required knowledge for flatbed drivers.
Some questions you should be able to answer for flatbed cargo securement:
- What is the minimum Working Load Limit of a tiedown used to secure logs?
- What is the minimum weight of a shipment of paper rolls that would require specific securement requirements?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the front half of the load run?
- What is a cab shield?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the rear half of the load run?
- What is a dunnage bag?
- Who is responsible for inspecting securing devices and cargo within the first 50 miles?
- How many tiedowns are required on a stack of shortwood loaded crosswise?
- What is the minimum working load limit of each tiedown used to secure crushed or flattened vehicles?
- Define 'bolster'
- What is a hook-lift container?
- When a tiedown is attached directly to the cargo, what is the ideal angle where it attached to the vehicle?
What is a securing device?
Any device specifically manufactured to attach or secure cargo to a vehicle or trailer:
- Synthetic Webbing
- Chain
- Wire rope
- Manila rope
- Synthetic rope
- Steel strapping
- Clamps and latches
- Blocking
- Front-end structure
- Grab hooks
- Binders
- Shackles
- Winches
- Stake pockets
- D-rings
- Webbing ratchet
- Bracing
- Friction mat
What is a tiedown?
A combination of securing devices that forms an assembly that:
- Attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on a vehicle.
- Is attached to anchor point(s).
Some tiedowns are attached to the cargo and provide direct resistance to restrain the cargo from movement.
Some tie-downs pass over or through the cargo. They create a downward force that increases the effect of friction between the cargo and the deck. This friction restrains the cargo.
Related Cargo Securement Terms That Every Driver Should Know:
-
Tiedown:
A combination of securing devices which form an assembly that attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on, a vehicle or trailer, and is attached to anchor point(s).
-
Contained:
Cargo is contained if it fills a sided vehicle, and every article is in contact with or sufficiently close to a wall or other articles so that it cannot shift or tip if those other articles are also unable to shift or tip.
-
Blocking:
A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
How should tiedowns be attached?
Tiedowns can be used in two ways:
-
Attached to the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle and attached to the cargo.
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, pass through or aroundan article of cargo, and then are attached to the vehicle again.
-
Pass over the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, passed over the cargo, and then attached to the vehicle again.
Tiedown placement:
Place the tiedown as close as possible to the spacer.
Position the tiedowns as symetrically as possible over the length of the article.
Position the tiedowns to preserve the integrity of the article.
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